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  <div class="section" id="user-scenarios">
<h1>User Scenarios<a class="headerlink" href="#user-scenarios" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
</div>
<p>The user requirements outlined in this document drove much of the process for
identification of the <a class="reference internal" href="usecases.html"><span class="doc">DataONE Functional Use Cases</span></a> described
elsewhere. The functional use cases were identified and prioritized over a
series of meetings funded by the NSF sponsored &#8220;Virtual Data Center&#8221; (VDC)
<a class="reference external" href="http://nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward.do?AwardNumber=0753138">INTEROP</a> project.</p>
<div class="section" id="us-01-core-functionality-proposed">
<h2>US 01. Core Functionality (proposed)<a class="headerlink" href="#us-01-core-functionality-proposed" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>DataONE provides the distributed framework (which is comprised of Member and
Coordinating Nodes as illustrated below), sound management, and robust
technologies that enable long-term preservation of diverse multi-scale,
multi-discipline, and multi-national observational data. DataONE initially
emphasizes observational data collected by biological (genome to ecosystem)
and environmental (atmospheric, ecological, hydrological, and oceanographic)
scientists, research networks, and environmental observatories. DataONE will
be domain agnostic, progressively expanding to broader domains and building on
infrastructure and interoperability with DataNet partners.</p>
<div class="figure" id="id1" style="width: 7in">
<img alt="../_images/proposal_figure_1.png" src="../_images/proposal_figure_1.png" />
<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">DataONE Member Nodes form a robust, distributed network via coordinating
services provided by a set of Coordinating Nodes (i.e., Oak Ridge Campus,
UC-Santa Barbara, and University of New Mexico) arranged in a
high-availability configuration. Scientists and citizens interact with Member
Nodes (e.g., South African Environmental Observation Network, California
Digital Library, USGS National Biological Information Infrastructure) through
software tools that utilize standardized interfaces. This structure supports
many different usage scenarios, such as data and metadata management and
replication (e.g., using Morpho [black arrows] or the Mercury system [orange
arrows]), as well as analysis and modeling (e.g., using commercial software
like Matlab [light green arrows] and open-source scientific workflow systems
like Kepler [blue arrows]). Coordinating Nodes perform many basic indexing
and data replication services to ensure data availability and preservation
(e.g., node registration [purple arrow] and monitoring via heartbeat services
(red arrow]).</span></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="us-02-value-added-services-proposed">
<h2>US 02. Value Added Services (proposed)<a class="headerlink" href="#us-02-value-added-services-proposed" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>DataONE is not the end, but rather the means to enable scientists and citizens
to address and better understand the difficult and complex biological,
environmental, social, and technological challenges affecting human,
ecosystem, and planetary sustainability. The comprehensive
cyber-infrastructure allows novel questions to be asked that require
harnessing the enormity of existing data and developing new methods to combine
and analyze diverse data resources (see figure below).</p>
<p>DataONE will accomplish its goals by making scientists, students, librarians,
and citizens active participants in the data life cycle, especially the data
preservation process. By supporting community derived interoperability
standards and incorporating new value-added and innovative technologies (e.g.,
for semantic and geospatial information, scientific workflows, and advanced
visualization) into the scientific process, DataONE will facilitate
sophisticated data integration, analysis, interpretation, and understanding. A
strong education and outreach program focuses on scientists and students
learning to better and more easily manage, preserve, analyze, and visualize
Earth observational data. Citizen scientists are actively engaged in data
preservation and scientific discovery through their involvement in programs
such as the USA National Phenology Network (USA-NPN) and numerous Cornell
Laboratory of Ornithology citizen science efforts (e.g., eBird, Project
FeederWatch).</p>
<div class="figure" id="id2" style="width: 100%">
<img alt="../_images/proposal_figure_2.png" src="../_images/proposal_figure_2.png" />
<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">DataONE value-added services enable scientists to address novel
questions through integrating disparate data sources (top), supporting
geospatial data processing (lower left), and providing scientific workflow
solutions like Kepler (lower middle) and high-level analyses and
visualizations like IBM ManyEyes.</span></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="us-03-system-architecture-proposed">
<h2>US 03. System Architecture (proposed)<a class="headerlink" href="#us-03-system-architecture-proposed" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>The DataONE architecture must embrace the highly dispersed and independent
nature of data collection activities relevant to the environmental and earth
sciences. Data are collected by tens of thousands of scientists around the
world who have the expertise to describe and archive these data, as well as
curate them. Attempting to centralize this curation function is inherently
untenable and will not scale. Thus, DataONE will achieve both scalability and
sustainability through a highly distributed system architecture (Figures from
&#8220;Core Architecture&#8221; and below) that utilizes the <strong>DataONE Service Interface</strong>
to access uniform services provided and used by three types of
cyber-infrastructure: (1) <strong>Member Nodes</strong> located at institutions distributed
throughout academia, libraries, government agencies, and other organizations
that provide local data storage, curation, and metadata for a set of data
resources that are collected or affiliated with that institution; (2)
<strong>Coordinating Nodes</strong> that are geographically-distributed to provide a
high-availability, fault-tolerant, and scalable set of coordinating services
to the Member Nodes, including a complete metadata index and data replication
services for all data in all Member Nodes; and (3) an <strong>Investigator Toolkit</strong>
that provides a complete and evolving set of tools for data and metadata
management by scientists and curators throughout the entire data life cycle
(Figure 3). Initially, there will be three Coordinating Nodes geographically
dispersed at ORC, UNM, and UCSB. A small number of additional Coordinating
Nodes may be implemented as DataNetONE expands in scope, sustainable funding,
and international presence.</p>
<div class="figure" id="id3" style="width: 100%">
<img alt="../_images/proposal_figure_4.png" src="../_images/proposal_figure_4.png" />
<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">Main features of the DataNetONE architecture, emphasizing
distributed data storage at Member Nodes and metadata indexing and services
provided by Coordinating Nodes. Communication between Member Nodes (e.g.,
for replication), between Member Nodes and the Investigator Toolkit (e.g.,
for inserting data), and between Member Nodes and Coordinating Nodes (e.g.,
for metadata indexing) is all mediated via a common DataNetONE Service
Interface that spans all node types.</span></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="us-04-spread-and-impact-of-invasive-species">
<h2>US 04. Spread and Impact of Invasive Species<a class="headerlink" href="#us-04-spread-and-impact-of-invasive-species" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Invasive species are:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Expensive - response estimates up to $138bn per year in the US.</li>
<li>Complex - many interactions and factors determine invasiveness and impact</li>
<li>Overwhelming - border and import controls struggle with sheer volume of
material and confusion for access and collation of relevant biodiversity
information</li>
</ul>
<p>The outcome is suboptimal consideration of potential biotic risks associated
with imports of new products, packing, shipping methods or products from new
regions.</p>
<p>DataONE eliminates confusion related to information access and integration,
providing domain relevant knowledge to researchers, border agents and to inform
policy makers on potential impact or savings associated with new or ongoing
trade relationships.</p>
<div class="figure" id="id4">
<a class="reference internal image-reference" href="../_images/invasives.jpg"><img alt="../_images/invasives.jpg" src="../_images/invasives.jpg" style="width: 50%;" /></a>
<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">Some examples of economically important invasive species in the
United States.</span></p>
</div>
<p>Specifically, DataONE addresses:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Volume – combines majority of digitized species occurrence information
through GBIF,NBII, IABIN and other partnerships</li>
<li>Structure - efficient access to data, metadata, and workflows from
ecological, environmental, socio-economic data, and related studies and
assessments (e.g. Metacat, Dryad, Mercury, NBII)</li>
<li>Dynamic - service infrastructure for interpolation of data (e.g. species
occurrence points to distribution regions and environmental requirements)</li>
<li>Knowledge - semantic assisted discovery and integration of indirectly
associated data</li>
<li>Social interactions – transparent communications between researchers and
implementers providing latest information possible for regions taxa, and
trade routes, and fora of product reviews, models, and other related
information</li>
</ul>
<div class="figure" id="id5" style="width: 100%">
<img alt="../_images/honeysuckle.jpg" src="../_images/honeysuckle.jpg" />
<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">Japanese honeysuckle (<a class="reference external" href="http://prototype.dataone.org/pilotcatalog/send/query?term1=Lonicera+japonica&amp;term1attribute=fullText&amp;op1=&amp;term2=&amp;term2attribute=fullText&amp;op2=&amp;term3=&amp;term3attribute=overlaps&amp;op3=&amp;op4=during&amp;term4=&amp;term4attribute=beginDate&amp;term5=&amp;term5attribute=endDate&amp;op5=&amp;term6=All&amp;term6=&amp;term6=&amp;term6=&amp;term6=&amp;term6=&amp;term6attribute=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10=&amp;term10attribute=lterSite&amp;term7=&amp;term7attribute=placeKey&amp;term8=collection&amp;term9=All&amp;term9attribute=presentationCat&amp;pageSize=10&amp;queryString=+Entire+Document+%3A+Lonicera+japonica++and++Format%3A+All+and++from+sources%3A+All&amp;instance=nbii">Lonicera japonica</a>) was brought to the United
States from Asia as ground cover to prevent erosion. As an invasive
species, it can topple small trees and schrubs by its weight. The resulting
change in forest structure may negatively affect songbird populations.</span></p>
</div>
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  <h3><a href="../index.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3>
  <ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">User Scenarios</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#us-01-core-functionality-proposed">US 01. Core Functionality (proposed)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#us-02-value-added-services-proposed">US 02. Value Added Services (proposed)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#us-03-system-architecture-proposed">US 03. System Architecture (proposed)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#us-04-spread-and-impact-of-invasive-species">US 04. Spread and Impact of Invasive Species</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
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